Incidence and Prevalence of Maxillofacial Injuries in Government Theni Medical College – Two Years Retrospective Study

Introduction: The incidence of maxillofacial fractures varies widely between different countries. The large variability in reported incidence and etiology is due to a variety of contributing factors, including environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic factors. Aim: This study aimed to asses retrospectively the incidence and prevalence of maxillofacial injuries in patients reported in Government Theni Medical College. Materials and Methods: The data collected included age, sex, place, date and month, time, etiology, influence of alcohol, nature, and pattern of the facial bone fractures, associated injuries. Results: As per records a total of 10589 patients were reported. Of which, 1325 patients had maxillofacial injuries. Nearly 72.3% of the patients were men, and the most frequently affected age group was 21-30 years (33.5%) with males outnumbering females in all age groups. A maximum number of trauma cases were reported at 6 pm-12 am (40.3%). Road traffic accidents (RTAs) (57.2%) were the primary etiological factor followed by assault (21.6%). Among the maxillofacial fractures, mandible (27.9%) was most frequently involved followed by the midface, particularly zygomaticomaxillary complex region (24.2%). Conclusion: RTAs remain the major cause of maxillofacial injuries. Periodic review of driving skills and strict implementation of traffic rules is must to minimize maxillofacial trauma.